![]() However, this unification and centralization did not appease some prominent tribes who wished to retain their regional autonomy and were by no means lacking the will and resources to do so.ġ402 saw the Battle of Ankara, the most disastrous defeat for the Ottomans within their heartland, Sultan Bayezid was captured by Timur’s forces and his empire tossed into the abyssal depths of tumult, chaos, and division. The annexation of local Anatolian territories was done via both diplomacy and relentless Ottoman warfare. 1323/34-1362) taking charge of his father’s realm and sweeping over Nicaea (Iznik) in 1331 and Nicomedia (Izmit) in 1357. The 14th century saw more conquest in Asia Minor with Osman’s son Orhan Ghazi (r. Though his gains were only minor and he did not live to see the fulfillment of his biggest victory, the fall of Prusa (Bursa), Osman had set into motion the wheels of a Turkic juggernaut. Using mostly guerrilla warfare, Osman began pushing into the Byzantine realm. He saw glory only in ġazā, a form of holy war directed at conquering non-Muslim lands, and had branded himself as a gazi (or ghazi). ![]() Osman I ruled over Bithynia, a beylik bordering the Byzantine lands to the west. 1299-1324), set upon fulfilling a grand ambition to build a state that would dwarf even the mightiest powers of its time this was the beginning of the Ottoman Empire. The aftermath left the several petty states spread throughout Anatolia, otherwise known as the Anatolian beyliks, more or less on their own, to quarrel among each other.
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